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Equine Wellness
An effective equine wellness program (Preventive
Health Care) will help to maintain your horse in peak
condition and minimize the chance of illnesses. Your
program should include a physical examination, vaccinations,
deworming and be designed to fit your horse's life style.
Consulting with your veterinarian is vital because
many of the fatal diseases are preventable.
A good Spring - Fall Wellness Program will help your
horses stay healthy year round.
While most horse owners have experienced an equine
medical emergency, many of these "crises" could be prevented
with twice-a-year wellness program. This biannual
event provides your veterinarian an opportunity
to bring your horses up-to-date on season-specific vaccinations
and parasite control treatments at the time of
year when they are most beneficial. This also provides a
time for you to visit with your veterinarian about nutrition,
behavior problems, emerging disease threats and
other horse health issues.
Still, there's no way to completely eliminate emergency
situations, a good preventive health care program
will minimize the chance of life threatening, costly illness.
Wellness exams are the best way to detect and
treat health problems before they become serious.
Preventative Equine Health Programs Include:
• Conducting an eye exam
and dental exam
• Checking hair, coat, and
skin
• Listening to the heartbeat,
lungs and abdomen
and recording vital signs
(pulse, temperature, respiratory
rate)
• Assessment of the horse's
overall conditioning
• Evaluation of the horse's
diet, level of activity, behavior
and any changes
since the last veterinary
visit
• Analysis of posture and
gait
• Administration of appropriate
vaccinations and
deworming medications
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A Well Designed Program
With the multitude of horse health care information available,
how do you decide what's right for your horse? Everyone
has some advice including: books, magazines, the internet,
your farrier, the feed store operator and of course other horse
owners. The reality is you need a specific program that meets
your horse's individual requirements. A well designed program
will save you money and help to prevent over medicating.
An equine veterinarian has the education and experience
to help you. Ask them to help you sift through the latest information
on horse health care. You will find they are among the
first to learn about advancements in health care, disease outbreaks,
product complaints and other information affecting
how you care for your horse.
Your wellness program should include periodic vaccinations,
deworming, dentistry, nutritional evaluation to make sure
your horse is getting what it needs and that you are not wasting
money on unnecessary items. Not too long ago it was
thought that foals, even from vaccinated mares, should begin
receiving their own vaccinations within the first few months
of birth. On-going research has shown that antibodies from
the mare's milk, for some diseases (such as influenza), last
much longer than originally thought. Therefore, the foal's
first vaccinations can be given much later (at eight or nine
months of age for influenza if the mare was vaccinated).
While the equine community has benefited greatly with the
introduction of more effective dewormers, with the life style
of many of our horses it is even more critical to plan for parasite
control. Issues such as resistance, whether to use a daily
dewormer or a purge dewormer along with the increasing
importance of encysted small strongyles should be considered
when you select products to protect your horse. In today's
world, simply picking a product off the shelf may not provide
the protection your horse needs.
Combining the utilization of properly selected dewormers,
regularly scheduled fecal examinations, and the establishment
of environmental control measures will
help to assure the health of your horse.
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Includes
Proper
Dental Care
The feeding of more and more processed, pelletized
feeds has caused equine dentistry to be transformed to a
science. Proper dental care will help maintain your
horse's weight and performance. In the wild state,
horses spent their day grazing and consumed large
quantities of roughage throughout the day. Today many
of our horses spend their lives in paddock and stalls and
are fed a concentrate two or three times a day causing
our horses to do less chewing and grinding of teeth. This
coupled with the fact that a horse's teeth are continually
growing has made regular dental care to become an important
health consideration. This becomes even more
important as horses live longer and longer.
Your horse's
health plan should include regularly scheduled oral examinations
along with preventive and corrective dental
procedures appropriate for your horse's age and use.
By showing your veterinarian what and how you're
feeding your horse, you will have an opportunity to ask
questions about nutrition and review your procedures
as you tour the feed shed and pasture. You may end up
reducing the number of supplements you give your
horse, reducing your feed costs.
A penny spent
can yield a dollar saved.
Consult with your veterinarian.
A Healthy Alert Horse |
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GUIDELINES FOR PERFORMING A VET CHECK ON YOUR HORSE |
Parameter |
Normal |
Caution |
Danger |
| Eyes |
bright, clear |
glassy |
fixed stare, sunken eyeball |
| Mucous Membranes |
pink, moist |
pale, tacky |
dry, purple, blue |
| Capillary Refill |
0-1 seconds |
2-3 seconds |
4+ seconds |
| Jugular Refill |
1-2 seconds |
2-3 seconds |
4+ seconds |
| Skin Pinch |
0-1.5 seconds |
2-3 seconds |
4+ seconds |
| Heart Rate (after strenuous exercise) |
>64 in 10 minutes |
64 in 10-30 minutes |
<64 in 30 minutes |
| Gut Sounds |
normal |
reduced/increased |
absent |
| Respiratory Rate |
relaxed/regular |
panting/inversion |
laboured/abnormal |
| Joints/legs |
no heat/no swelling |
heat/swelling |
heat/swelling/pain |
| Wounds/Saddle/ Girth |
no visible marks |
heat/swelling |
painful/raw/bleeding |
| Muscles/Back |
relaxed |
tight/ tender |
very tight/painful |
| Anal Tone |
tight |
slightly loose |
anus/penis relaxed |
| Rectal Temperature |
<38.6EC pre-ride
<39.6EC during ride |
39.5E-40.5EC
during ride |
>40.5EC |
| Impulsion |
free, willing, animated stride |
stumbling, short strided, unwilling |
stiff, very reluctant |
| Attitude |
bright, eating, drinking |
depressed, lethargic |
dull, disinterested, lack of thirst, appetite, urine, or feces |
| Gait |
no abnormal gait |
slight gait change, inconsistent |
consistent gait change, non-weight bearing |
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